A Value Object is an object that describes some characteristic of a Domain, but has no concept of identity. Instead of being defined by its unique position in memory (like an Entity), it is defined by the values it holds. Two Value Objects with the same values are considered equal, and are interchangeable. They are …

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The Active Record pattern is a design pattern where objects representing data, typically database records, carry both data and the logic to interact with the database. Instead of having a separate object to manage database access (like a Data Access Object), the Active Record object itself is responsible for reading …

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The Aggregate Root pattern is a core concept in Domain-Driven Design (DDD) used to define transactional consistency boundaries. It designates a specific entity within a cluster of associated objects (the aggregate) as the single point of access for modifying the aggregate’s state. This root is responsible for ensuring …

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The Anti-Corruption Layer (ACL) is an architectural pattern used to isolate a core application from problematic or poorly understood external systems (often legacy systems). It acts as a translation layer, preventing the complexities, inconsistencies, and potential errors of the external system from polluting the …

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Clean Architecture is a software design philosophy that emphasizes separation of concerns to achieve high modularity, testability, and maintainability. It proposes structuring an application into concentric layers, with core business logic residing in the innermost layers and external concerns like databases, UI …

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The Context Map pattern is a strategic design technique for managing the complexity of a large domain by explicitly defining the boundaries between different areas of responsibility – Bounded Contexts. It visually represents the relationships and dependencies between these contexts, focusing on how they interact and …

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CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation) is an architectural pattern that separates read and write operations for a data store. Instead of a single data model and access layer handling both reads and writes, CQRS advocates for using two distinct models: one optimized for handling commands (writes, updates, …

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The Domain Event pattern is a powerful technique in Domain-Driven Design (DDD) used to represent things that have happened within the domain. Instead of objects directly calling methods on other objects, a Domain Event is raised when a significant state change occurs. Interested parties (handlers) then subscribe to …

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The Hexagonal Architecture (also known as Ports and Adapters) is a software design pattern that aims to create loosely coupled software applications with a clear separation of concerns. The core business logic is kept independent of external technologies like databases, UI frameworks, or messaging systems. This is …

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The Microkernel pattern is an architectural style that structures an application as a core system with minimal functionality, surrounded by plugins or extensions that provide additional features. The core handles essential operations and communication, while plugins implement specific functionalities. This separation …

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